Fontaine, Nicola

Nicola is a principal technologist and associate vice president with Carollo Engineers in their Sacramento CA office. She specializes in water reuse and the validation of treatment technologies. She has 20+ years of experience in disinfection research and piloting, engineering, technology validation services, planning, regulatory support, and troubleshooting of system performance and water quality issues.

Titles from this speaker

Description: 10-Year-Old Membranes Challenge the Tiered System with Protozoa, Virus and Surrogate...

10-Year-Old Membranes Challenge the Tiered System with Protozoa, Virus and Surrogate Removal

Abstract

In this work, pathogen LRVs were quantified from a unique, 10-year-old MBR installation, in line with recent guidance from the WRF project 4997. The Kubota membrane system studied should achieve LRVs of >3.0 for Cryptosporidium, 4.0 for Giardia and over 2.5 for enteroviruses over its lifetime. These results surpass benchmarks accounting for the impacts of ageing membranes. Pathogen LRVs were compared against suitable indicator organisms as well. To further understand the contributions of the bioreactor to pathogen removal in MBR, systematic pilot scale studies were also conducted. Excluding bioflim and membrane exclusion, the results suggest that the enhanced virus removal in MBR is also due to contributions from adsorption and biological degradation, which account for 1.4 - 2.0 and 0.2 - 1.3 to the total LRV, respectively. There were differences in the behaviour of indigenous and model organisms as well as coliphages that require further investigation.

Pathogen LRVs were quantified from a unique, 10-year-old MBR installation, in line with recent guidance from the WRF Project 4997. Results indicate that the Kubota membrane system studied should achieve LRVs of >3.0 for Cryptosporidium, 4.0 for Giardia and over 2.5 for enteroviruses over its lifetime. To further understand the contributions of the bioreactor to pathogen removal in MBR, systematic pilot scale studies were also conducted. Results suggest that the enhanced virus removal in MBR is also due to contributions from adsorption and biological degradation, which account for 1.4 - 2.0 and 0.2 - 1.3 to the total LRV, respectively.

SpeakerFontaine, Nicola

Presentation time

12:05:00

12:25:00

Session time

11:00:00

12:30:00

SessionLatest on Gaining Log Removal Credits for MBRs

Session number422

TopicDisinfection and Public Health, Microconstituents, Policy and Regulation, Research and Innovation, Water Reuse and Reclamation

Author(s)

Nicola Fontaine

Author(s)N. Fontaine1; L. Morris2; A. Branch9; A. Salveson8; C. McBride3; H. Kuge4; K. Modaressi5; A.C. Gilmore7;Y. Terao6;

Author affiliation(s)Carollo Engineers Inc, Sacramento, CA1Kubota Membrane USA Corp., Canton, OH2, 6Nevada County Sanitation, Nevada City, CA3Kubota Membrane USA Corp., Bothell, WA4, 5Carollo Engineers Inc, Phoenix, AZ7

SourceProceedings of the Water Environment Federation

Document typeConference Paper

PublisherWater Environment Federation

Print publication date Oct 2021

DOI10.2175/193864718825158121

Volume / Issue

Content sourceWEFTEC

Word count13

Description: Validating Virus and Protozoa Removal and Surrogates of a Full-Scale Flat Sheet...

Validating Virus and Protozoa Removal and Surrogates of a Full-Scale Flat Sheet Membrane Bioreactor

Abstract

Challenge testing has been conducted utilizing a membrane bioreactor (MBR), equipped with flat-sheet microfiltration (MF) membranes. The challenge testing determined the MBR’s removal of pathogens and surrogates; pathogen-removal is expressed as log reduction values (LRVs). To date, average LRVs in excess of 5, 3, and 3 have been achieved for Giardia, Cryptosporidium, and viruses, respectively. The California Division of Drinking Water (DDW) requires LRVs of 10, 10, 12 for Giardia, Cryptosporidium, and viruses across indirect potable reuse (IPR) trains. IPR trains conventionally employ MF, reverse osmosis (RO) and ultraviolet advanced oxidation (UVAOP) to treat secondary or tertiary treated wastewater to a high quality prior to an environmental buffer and subsequent reuse. The data from this study demonstrates that MBRs equipped with Kubota membranes can replace the conventional wastewater treatment and MF in a conventional IPR treatment train and meet the LRV requirement for Giardia, Cryptosporidium, and viruses.

SpeakerFontaine, Nicola

Presentation time

14:50:00

15:10:00

Session time

13:30:00

15:30:00

SessionMBR for Water Reuse: Giving Credit Where Credit is Deserved

Session number227

TopicWater Reuse and Reclamation

Author(s)

A. SalvesonL. MorrisN. FontaineA.BranchC. McBrideS. ModaressiH. Kuge

Author(s)A. Salveson3; L. Morris2; N. Fontaine1; A.Branch3; C. McBride4; S. Modaressi5; H. Kuge5;

Author affiliation(s)Carollo Engineers, Sacramento CA1; Kubota Membrane USA, OH2; Carollo Engineers, Walnut Creek CA3; Nevada County Sanitation4; Kubota Membrane USA Corp.5; Carollo Engineers, AZ6

SourceProceedings of the Water Environment Federation

Document typeConference Paper

PublisherWater Environment Federation

Print publication date Oct 2020

DOI10.2175/193864718825157807

Volume / Issue

Content sourceWEFTEC

Word count15