Sections
Description: Polymer/Flocculants 101
Polymer comes in three different forms – dry, solution (Mannich), and emulsion polymer. Most polymers used in wastewater industries are acrylamide-based and often called PAAM (polyacrylamide).
PublisherWater Environment Federation
Word count308
Description: Polymer/Flocculants 101
Dry polymer is very hygroscopic (moisture-attracting), so care should be taken to store it in a cool and dry area (neither above 40 oC nor humid). Dry polymer has a shelf life of over 1 year if properly stored. Mannich polymer must be used within 4 weeks and should be kept away from both freezing and overly warm environments. Since emulsion polymer tends to be stratified (separation of hydrocarbon...
PublisherWater Environment Federation
Word count191
Description: Polymer/Flocculants 101
Emulsion and dry polymers as delivered to a site must be activated in a dilute solution that can then be added to a solids stream for conditioning. Dilution water is mixed with polymer to produce this dilute solution in a “make down” process. Emulsion and dry polymers are typically diluted to 0.2% to 1% active solutions. Mannich polymers, which are delivered as activated compounds,...
PublisherWater Environment Federation
Word count281
Description: Polymer/Flocculants 101
Although there are numerous polymer make-down systems available in the market, they can be classified into two types - mechanical and non-mechanical systems depending on how mixing energy is delivered for effective polymer activation.
PublisherWater Environment Federation
Word count193
Description: Polymer/Flocculants 101
Injecting and dispersing a polymer solution into sludge is critical for achieving efficient thickening and dewatering. Polymer solutions can be very viscous and difficult to inject and disperse rapidly into sludge, especially if the sludge is thick. There are many commercially available polymer-sludge mixers with either static or mechanical mixing, so careful evaluation is required. Parameters to...
PublisherWater Environment Federation
Word count120
Description: Polymer/Flocculants 101
The quality of dilution water has a tremendous impact on the efficiency of a polymer solution. Hardness which represents a major portion of the ionic strength of dilution water plays an important role in polymer activation. If hardness exceeds a certain level (such as 400 mg/L), it is strongly recommended to add a softening device to minimize the negative effect of hardness. Considering the...
PublisherWater Environment Federation
Word count155
Description: Polymer/Flocculants 101
Yong Kim, Ph.D.
PublisherWater Environment Federation
Word count8
Description: Polymer/Flocculants 101
Ed Fritz, P.E.
PublisherWater Environment Federation
Word count20
Description: Polymer/Flocculants 101


PublisherWater Environment Federation
Word count44
Description: Polymer/Flocculants 101


PublisherWater Environment Federation
Word count17
Description: Polymer/Flocculants 101
Water Environment Federation
PublisherWater Environment Federation
Word count12
Polymer/Flocculants 101
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