Wastewater Operational Carbon Footprint Estimates, a Comparison of Treatment Processes

When examining the whole life cost and carbon footprint on a project, the operating component can significantly influence the analysis and the ultimate investment decision. Whereas the capital cost will be largely dependent on site specific issues the operational element can be more easily quantified for specific process plant. This paper examines the operational carbon footprint of a variety of wastewater effluent and biosolids treatment processes and identifies a range of operational carbon footprints for several key effluent quality drivers. This work will enable comparison between typical treatment processes to assist in plant selection and investmentdecisions. In addition the paper will provide an insight into the impact and approach of carbon footprinting within the UK water industry.