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Description: Distributed Systems Fact Sheet
Distributed Systems Fact Sheet
Effectively planned, implemented, and managed distributed or decentralized water systems are critical elements of sustainable infrastructure in the United States. These systems can be in rural or urban settings and range from small systems found on homeowner properties to small-system water resource recovery facilities (average daily flow of less than 1 MGD and serving a population of less than 10,000). The systems can be either discharging (surface or subsurface) or reuse systems
Author(s)
Water Environment Federation
SourceFact Sheet of the Water Science and Engineering Center
Project IDWSEC-2019-FS-012
CommitteeEPA
Partner organisationWRF, EPA
Document typeFact Sheet
PublisherWater Environment Federation
Print publication date Sep 2019
Volume / Issue
Content sourceWater Science and Engineering Center
First / last page(s)1 - 4
Copyright2019
Word count2,092
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Description: Distributed Systems Fact Sheet
What is a Distributed System?
Distributed Systems Fact Sheet
There are many ways in which to define a distributed system. Typically, distributed systems are in different geographical locations, but are linked to a central system either physically, or by management. The most likely is a “distributed management” scenario, wherein distributed management provides the opportunity for overall single-entity management of disparate or remote...
PublisherWater Environment Federation
Copyright2019
Word count352
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Description: Distributed Systems Fact Sheet
Population and Treatment System Statistics
Distributed Systems Fact Sheet


PublisherWater Environment Federation
Copyright2019
Word count81
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Description: Distributed Systems Fact Sheet
Rural Communities and the Use of Distributed or Decentralized Systems
Distributed Systems Fact Sheet
The development of large-scale water resource recovery facilities is often not necessary for rural (non-urban) communities. Rural communities may lack the financial resources, as well as personnel to manage and operate a large system, and in many cases face challenges due to geography or climate. There are a variety of distributed or decentralized systems that can provide rural communities with...
PublisherWater Environment Federation
Copyright2019
Word count152
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Description: Distributed Systems Fact Sheet
Urban Communities and the Use of Distributed or Decentralized Systems
Distributed Systems Fact Sheet
Extending a collection system to areas outside an existing sewer boundary can be a problem in urban areas from both an environmental and/or a financial standpoint due to associated costs. Some facilities have implemented distributed systems as a means of extending service area. HRSD’s small treatment systems on Virginia’s Middle Peninsula and the cluster systems of Mobile, AL are...
PublisherWater Environment Federation
Copyright2019
Word count100
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Description: Distributed Systems Fact Sheet
Value of Distributed or Decentralized Systems
Distributed Systems Fact Sheet
Economic – Economic challenges to constructing a conventional, centralized facility in a rural setting include difficulties caused by terrain, climate, lack of personnel, and an inability to achieve the economies of scale needed to support a centralized facility. Urban communities must address the infrastructure, maintenance and energy costs of extending the collection systems network to...
PublisherWater Environment Federation
Copyright2019
Word count550
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Description: Distributed Systems Fact Sheet
Distributed System Technology Snapshot
Distributed Systems Fact Sheet
Two examples of distributed systems are shown in the following technology snapshot. The communities are in different geographic regions.
PublisherWater Environment Federation
Copyright2019
Word count415
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Description: Distributed Systems Fact Sheet
References and Key Resources
Distributed Systems Fact Sheet


PublisherWater Environment Federation
Copyright2019
Word count438
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Distributed Systems Fact Sheet
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