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Description: Book cover
NOVEL CRYSTALLIZER APPLICATION FOR INDUSTRIAL WASTE PHOSHPORUS REMOVAL
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Description: Book cover
NOVEL CRYSTALLIZER APPLICATION FOR INDUSTRIAL WASTE PHOSHPORUS REMOVAL

NOVEL CRYSTALLIZER APPLICATION FOR INDUSTRIAL WASTE PHOSHPORUS REMOVAL

NOVEL CRYSTALLIZER APPLICATION FOR INDUSTRIAL WASTE PHOSHPORUS REMOVAL

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Description: Book cover
NOVEL CRYSTALLIZER APPLICATION FOR INDUSTRIAL WASTE PHOSHPORUS REMOVAL
Abstract
The Solae® facility in Ieper, Belgium produces high-quality soy protein and fiber ingredients for various foodservice markets. The facility treats its wastewater through a combination of anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic biological processes and achieves a nominal 99% removal efficiency for BOD, TSS and TKN. However, the local regulatory authority has recently imposed a total phosphorus (P) limit of 2 mg/l that is very technically challenging. The current effluent contains ∼30 mg/l total P with peaks up to 50 mg/l. Also, no increase in soluble salts are allowed, as the receiving stream is a public drinking water supply already near maximum TDS levels at times. A number of biological and chemical P removal technologies were evaluated but either failed to achieve the new concentration limit or would have produced prohibitive amounts of residual sludge and unacceptably high effluent salt concentrations.“HARDTAC”, a novel crystallization technology, was demonstrated along with lime precipitation through extensive pilot testing to be capable of: 1) achieving the required phosphate removal; 2) while not increasing dissolved salts; and 3) producing very rapid settling and filterable particles. Also, minimal carbonate removal was observed with sludge generation being only one-third that of a complete softening reaction. Filter cakes of 65% solids were produced at low pressure without filter aids.This successful application of the HARDTAC process despite the widely published influence of inhibitor ions such as CO32− and Mg2+ (both significantly present in the wastewater) on calcium phosphate crystallization (Abbona and Franchini-Angela, 1990; Van Der Houwen and Valsami-Jones, 2001) is a significant breakthrough. This finding portends the crucial importance physical chemistry and reactor configuration will have in the design of future state-of-the-art wastewater treatment facilities that are able to meet the increasingly stringent treatment requirements for phosphorus (and potentially other inorganic pollutants). The performance witnessed by this proprietary crystallization process is attributed to the unique design and features of a properly designed and operated crystallizer.
The Solae® facility in Ieper, Belgium produces high-quality soy protein and fiber ingredients for various foodservice markets. The facility treats its wastewater through a combination of anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic biological processes and achieves a nominal 99% removal efficiency for BOD, TSS and TKN. However, the local regulatory authority has recently imposed a total phosphorus (P) limit...
Author(s)
Robert G. CookKenneth N. Wood
SourceProceedings of the Water Environment Federation
SubjectSession 22 Industrial Issues and Treatment Technology: Food Processing Wastewaters
Document typeConference Paper
PublisherWater Environment Federation
Print publication date Jan, 2003
ISSN1938-6478
SICI1938-6478(20030101)2003:10L.170;1-
DOI10.2175/193864703784678883
Volume / Issue2003 / 10
Content sourceWEFTEC
First / last page(s)170 - 184
Copyright2003
Word count323

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Description: Book cover
NOVEL CRYSTALLIZER APPLICATION FOR INDUSTRIAL WASTE PHOSHPORUS REMOVAL
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Description: Book cover
NOVEL CRYSTALLIZER APPLICATION FOR INDUSTRIAL WASTE PHOSHPORUS REMOVAL
Abstract
The Solae® facility in Ieper, Belgium produces high-quality soy protein and fiber ingredients for various foodservice markets. The facility treats its wastewater through a combination of anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic biological processes and achieves a nominal 99% removal efficiency for BOD, TSS and TKN. However, the local regulatory authority has recently imposed a total phosphorus (P) limit of 2 mg/l that is very technically challenging. The current effluent contains ∼30 mg/l total P with peaks up to 50 mg/l. Also, no increase in soluble salts are allowed, as the receiving stream is a public drinking water supply already near maximum TDS levels at times. A number of biological and chemical P removal technologies were evaluated but either failed to achieve the new concentration limit or would have produced prohibitive amounts of residual sludge and unacceptably high effluent salt concentrations.“HARDTAC”, a novel crystallization technology, was demonstrated along with lime precipitation through extensive pilot testing to be capable of: 1) achieving the required phosphate removal; 2) while not increasing dissolved salts; and 3) producing very rapid settling and filterable particles. Also, minimal carbonate removal was observed with sludge generation being only one-third that of a complete softening reaction. Filter cakes of 65% solids were produced at low pressure without filter aids.This successful application of the HARDTAC process despite the widely published influence of inhibitor ions such as CO32− and Mg2+ (both significantly present in the wastewater) on calcium phosphate crystallization (Abbona and Franchini-Angela, 1990; Van Der Houwen and Valsami-Jones, 2001) is a significant breakthrough. This finding portends the crucial importance physical chemistry and reactor configuration will have in the design of future state-of-the-art wastewater treatment facilities that are able to meet the increasingly stringent treatment requirements for phosphorus (and potentially other inorganic pollutants). The performance witnessed by this proprietary crystallization process is attributed to the unique design and features of a properly designed and operated crystallizer.
The Solae® facility in Ieper, Belgium produces high-quality soy protein and fiber ingredients for various foodservice markets. The facility treats its wastewater through a combination of anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic biological processes and achieves a nominal 99% removal efficiency for BOD, TSS and TKN. However, the local regulatory authority has recently imposed a total phosphorus (P) limit...
Author(s)
Robert G. CookKenneth N. Wood
SourceProceedings of the Water Environment Federation
SubjectSession 22 Industrial Issues and Treatment Technology: Food Processing Wastewaters
Document typeConference Paper
PublisherWater Environment Federation
Print publication date Jan, 2003
ISSN1938-6478
SICI1938-6478(20030101)2003:10L.170;1-
DOI10.2175/193864703784678883
Volume / Issue2003 / 10
Content sourceWEFTEC
First / last page(s)170 - 184
Copyright2003
Word count323

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Robert G. Cook# Kenneth N. Wood. NOVEL CRYSTALLIZER APPLICATION FOR INDUSTRIAL WASTE PHOSHPORUS REMOVAL. Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA: Water Environment Federation, 2018. Web. 9 Jul. 2025. <https://www.accesswater.org?id=-289841CITANCHOR>.
Robert G. Cook# Kenneth N. Wood. NOVEL CRYSTALLIZER APPLICATION FOR INDUSTRIAL WASTE PHOSHPORUS REMOVAL. Alexandria, VA 22314-1994, USA: Water Environment Federation, 2018. Accessed July 9, 2025. https://www.accesswater.org/?id=-289841CITANCHOR.
Robert G. Cook# Kenneth N. Wood
NOVEL CRYSTALLIZER APPLICATION FOR INDUSTRIAL WASTE PHOSHPORUS REMOVAL
Access Water
Water Environment Federation
December 22, 2018
July 9, 2025
https://www.accesswater.org/?id=-289841CITANCHOR