Industrial Wastewater Management, Treatment, and Disposal (formerly Pretreatment of Industrial Wastes)

Formed in 1928, the Water Environment Federation (WEF) is a not-for-profit technical and educational organization with more than 33,000 individual members and 81 affiliated Member Associations representing an additional 50,000 water quality professionals throughout the world. WEF and its member associations proudly work to achieve our mission of preserving and enhancing the global water...

The WEF Technical Practice Committee (formerly the Committee on Sewage and Industrial Wastes Practice of the Federation of Sewage and Industrial Wastes Associations) was created by the Federation Board of Control on October 11, 1941. The primary function of the Committee is to originate and produce, through appropriate subcommittees, special publications dealing with technical aspects of the broad...

Preface

The focus of this book is exclusively on management of industrial wastewater; how wastewater characteristics varies by industry; what methods of treatment are used in industry, developing trends; and how industrial design, construction, and operations services are or could be procured.

This chapter presents the regulations related to the disposal of industrial wastewater and its treatment residuals as of March 31, 2007. Wastewater disposal options include indirect discharge, direct discharge, subsurface injection, land application, and incineration. Indirect discharge involves sending untreated or partially treated (pretreated) wastewater to a municipal wastewater...

A thorough, methodical assessment of an industrial facility and the characteristics of its wastewater sources is a prerequisite for an effective wastewater management plan. The methods and procedures for surveying and characterizing industrial wastewater typically are used by regulators and consultants to implement Clean Water Act (CWA)...

Treatability assessments are essential to any consideration of industrial wastewater treatment but present a complicated challenge to environmental engineers. This chapter provides an overview of treatability assessment options. Not all options can be covered here, but the basic approaches for conducting biological and physical-chemical tests will be used as illustrations. Because most...

This chapter summarizes general characteristics and treatment approaches for industrial wastewaters, and presents brief descriptions of each regulated point source category. Wastewater characteristics and treatment approaches have been organized in tables for ease of reference. Most of the information was obtained from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) technical development...

Waste management is a complex problem that affects all aspects of manufacturing businesses and “environmental considerations infuse everything from product design to marketing, from purchasing to product stewardship, from employee relationships to executive compensation” (Ditz, et al., 1995). Pollution prevention exists in three realms...

Equalization is the process by which operating parameters (e.g., flow, suspended solids and other pollutants, and temperature) are made more uniform over a given time frame (typically 24 hours) to reduce their downstream effects. While the timing of these spikes depends on the situation, a 30to 60-minute interval is common. This could be made faster or slower, depending on the specific...

This chapter examines the need for fats, oil, and grease (FOG) control in industrial wastewater, and the effectiveness and economics of control technologies. Past practices and newer approaches are critically examined so facilities required to remove FOG from their wastewaters can increase the advantages and economic benefits of pretreatment while protecting effluent quality. Pollution prevention...

Adjusting a wastewater’s pH is one of the most common processes in an industrial pretreatment system. Because of various acids and bases used in industrial manufacturing, processing, and cleaning operations, most facilities need to adjust the pH of their wastewater before discharging it to surface waters or publicly owned treatment works (POTWs).

Inorganic constituents are naturally abundant. They enter groundwater and surface water via a variety of geochemical processes (e.g., soil leaching) and human activities (e.g., manufacturing, construction, agriculture, and transportation). High inorganic concentrations in industrial wastewaters are undesirable because they could adversely affect waterbodies, people, and publicly owned treatment...

This chapter discusses the biological, chemical, and physical treatment technologies used to treat the organics in industrial wastewater. Sometimes several technologies will be needed to meet federal, state, and local requirements.

Early identification of environmental needs is critical to industry. Environmental projects must allow manufacturing operations to be uninterrupted, comply with regulatory and environmental requirements, and provide cost-effective, long-term environmental solutions.

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