Transforming Perchlorate Ion Analysis

Perchlorate (ClO4–) is a highly stable and water-soluble anion that is ubiquitous in the environment. Occurring naturally in potash and nitrate deposits, perchlorate salts are used industrially for many applications, most commonly as oxidizers in solid rocket propellants, explosives, vehicle airbag initiators, emergency flares, and matches. They also are used in the manufacture of paint and rubber.The widespread use and persistent nature of perchlorates mean that trace amounts can be found in soil and groundwater worldwide. Elevated levels of this compound have been detected in groundwater in locations where industrial or military activity has resulted in discharge of perchlorates into the environment.The confirmed presence of perchlorates in drinking water and some foods has led to increased concern globally due to the health risks associated with human exposure.Powerful, sensitive, and reproducible methods for perchlorate analysis are required to advance our understanding of the risks posed by perchlorate salts and to effectively maintain the safety of drinking water supplies.